Infantile hemangiomas: a guide for parents
In the context of Pediatric Dermatology care at the Athens Pediatric Center, infantile hemangiomas are one of the most common benign vascular lesions of infancy.
They usually appear in the first weeks of life (not always immediately after birth) and affect about 4–5% of infants, with a higher frequency in premature infants, girls and low birth weight infants. Most hemangiomas follow a natural course of growth (phase of rapid growth in the first months) and then spontaneous regression, which can last for years. In these cases, when the damage is small, superficial and does not cause functional or aesthetic problems, simple monitoring without intervention is recommended.
However, treatment is required when the hemangioma is located in critical areas (eg, eyelids, airway, lips), when there is a risk of complications such as ulceration, bleeding, or infection, or when it may leave permanent disfigurement. Also, large or multiple hemangiomas may indicate systemic involvement and require further investigation. Imaging testing (ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging) is indicated in deep or extensive hemangiomas, as well as in cases of suspected syndromes or internal lesions.
The first-line treatment today is beta-blockers (eg propranolol). Initiation is done under hospital monitoring to check vital signs and possible side effects. Treatment is then continued at home with daily administration, under close medical guidance and regular reassessment. The personalized approach and timely evaluation by a specialist dermatologist are decisive for the safe and effective management of hemangiomas.
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