Colon Cancer: important information for prevention, diagnosis & treatment
March is Colorectal Cancer Awareness and Prevention Month, one of the most common but preventable forms of cancer. So let’s learn about this specific cancer:
- it is the third most common cancer worldwide,
- it represents approximately 10% of all cancer cases
- it is the 2nd leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide
- it mainly affects older people but the age limit is decreasing
- it often originates from benign polyps, which if left untreated can develop into cancer over time.
Risk factors:
- age (over 45 years old)
- family history
- genetic syndromes
- polyps
Lifestyle factors contribute to the development of colon cancer colon:
- high intake of processed meat
- low intake of fruits and vegetables
- sedentary lifestyle and lack of exercise
- obesity
- smoking
- excessive alcohol consumption
Symptoms:
- changes in bowel habits
- blood in the stool
- abdominal pain
- weight loss
- fatigue
Colorectal cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage when treatment options are limited.
The incidence and impact of colorectal cancer colorectal cancer can be significantly reduced by implementing primary prevention strategies, such as adopting a healthy lifestyle, avoiding risk factors, and practicing early detection through screening.
Primary prevention strategies to significantly reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer:
- regular preventive examinations. These tests can detect precancerous changes early, when they are more treatable.
- healthy lifestyle
- diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
- regular exercise and weight control
- stop smoking
- limit alcohol intake
In terms of treatment, advances in research and technology have led to the creation of minimally invasive techniques such as laparoscopic, robotic, and transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS), which have revolutionized colorectal surgery, allowing for more precise surgical removal of cancers and polyps, while reducing morbidity.
Minimally Invasive Rectal Surgery:
- high precision
- reduced morbidity
- no external incisions
- less pain
- faster recovery
- maintenance of sphincter function
- avoidance of permanent colostomy
- maintenance of quality of life
