Blog

Scoliosis is a condition that affects the spine, causing it to curve abnormally to the side. While in a normal spine the curves are mild and help maintain balance and movement, scoliosis results in an “S” or “C” shape, which can lead to physical deformity and changes in posture. This condition is most commonly diagnosed in children and adolescents, although it can also develop in adults due to degenerative changes.

Causes and Types of Scoliosis

The exact cause of scoliosis is often unknown, which is referred to as “idiopathic scoliosis”—which accounts for about 80% of all cases. However, scoliosis can also be linked to other factors. Congenital scoliosis is present at birth due to spinal deformities, while neuromuscular scoliosis occurs in people with underlying neuromuscular disorders such as cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy. In adults, degenerative scoliosis develops due to aging, arthritis, or wear and tear on the spine.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Symptoms of scoliosis vary depending on the severity of the condition. In mild cases, individuals may not notice any significant changes, while more severe cases can cause visible deformities of the spine. Some common signs of scoliosis include uneven shoulders or hips, one shoulder blade appearing more prominent than the other, an asymmetrical waistline, and, in some cases, back pain. Severe scoliosis can also affect lung function, leading to breathing difficulties.

Diagnosing scoliosis usually involves a physical examination, during which the doctor may observe the patient’s posture and perform a forward bend test. If scoliosis is suspected, imaging tests such as X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans are used to assess the degree of curvature of the spine and determine the best course of action.

Living with Scoliosis

Although scoliosis can be a difficult condition, many people live active and fulfilling lives with proper management. Engaging in physical activities such as yoga, swimming, and stretching exercises can increase flexibility and strengthen back muscles. Emotional and psychological support is also vital, especially for young people dealing with the condition.

Treatment Options

Treatment for scoliosis depends on many factors, including the severity of the curve, the patient’s age, and their overall health. In mild cases, regular follow-up checkups may be enough to ensure that the condition does not worsen. For growing children with moderate scoliosis, doctors often recommend the use of a brace, which can help slow or prevent the progression of scoliosis.

Physical therapy is another effective approach, helping to improve posture and strengthen the muscles that support the spine.

In severe cases where the curvature is significant and continues to progress, surgery may be necessary. This procedure involves the correction and fusion of the affected vertebrae with each other using bone grafts and metal implants to correct and stabilize the spine.

Innovative techniques

At the Inter-Balkan Medical Center of Thessaloniki, our scientific team members, having special training in spine surgery, apply surgical techniques for scoliosis correction using cutting-edge technology. The “MySpine” system from Medacta falls into this category. Its use requires preoperative 3D printing of the patient’s scoliotic spine and specially shaped guides for it. The printed models are fully personalized, as their configuration is identical to the patient’s defective anatomy. With the help of these casts, the placement of spinal fusion materials is more precise and safer, contributing to the success of the surgery. Intraoperative radiation exposure is significantly reduced. The use of this system requires less tissue trauma and overall surgical time is reduced, resulting in faster recovery. We recommend the use of this system in spinal fusions for both scoliosis correction and degenerative disease surgeries as we strive for the safety and satisfaction of our patients.

Awareness

Early detection plays a key role in the effective management of scoliosis. Parents, teachers and healthcare providers should be aware of the warning signs to ensure early diagnosis and intervention. School screenings and regular physical exams can help detect scoliosis early, allowing for appropriate treatment before the condition worsens.

If someone is experiencing signs of scoliosis, it is important to seek medical advice. With the right approach, scoliosis can be effectively treated, allowing individuals to maintain a healthy and active lifestyle.